Homeostasis Quiez
1. Which part of the brain primarily regulates body temperature in homeostasis?
Answer: Hypothalamus
Rationale: The hypothalamus acts as the body’s thermostat and regulates temperature, hunger, thirst, and fluid balance.
2. Normal arterial blood pH is maintained between:
Answer: 7.35–7.45
Rationale: Normal blood pH is essential for enzyme activity and cellular function.
3. Which mechanism helps maintain blood glucose homeostasis?
Answer: Insulin and glucagon action
Rationale: Insulin lowers blood sugar while glucagon raises it to maintain glucose balance.
4. The process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment is called:
Answer: Homeostasis
Rationale: Homeostasis keeps internal body conditions stable despite external changes.
5. Which organ plays the major role in osmoregulation?
Answer: Kidney
Rationale: Kidneys regulate water and electrolyte balance through urine formation.
6. A rise in body temperature triggers:
Answer: Sweating
Rationale: Sweating helps cool the body through evaporation.
7. Negative feedback mechanism is best described as:
Answer: Stopping the original stimulus
Rationale: Negative feedback reverses changes and restores normal balance.
8. Which hormone regulates calcium homeostasis by lowering blood calcium?
Answer: Calcitonin
Rationale: Calcitonin promotes calcium deposition in bones and lowers blood calcium.
9. Shivering during cold exposure helps maintain homeostasis by:
Answer: Increasing heat production
Rationale: Muscle contractions during shivering generate heat.
10. Which fluid compartment contains the largest amount of body water?
Answer: Intracellular fluid
Rationale: About two-thirds of body water is inside cells.
11. Which electrolyte is mainly responsible for extracellular fluid balance?
Answer: Sodium
Rationale: Sodium is the major extracellular cation regulating fluid balance.
12. ADH primarily acts on the:
Answer: Kidney tubules
Rationale: ADH increases water reabsorption in kidneys.
13. Which condition occurs when homeostasis fails?
Answer: Disease
Rationale: Failure of homeostasis can lead to illness and dysfunction.
14. The normal body temperature in humans is approximately:
Answer: 37°C
Rationale: Average normal body temperature is about 37°C.
15. Which system controls homeostasis through rapid responses?
Answer: Nervous system
Rationale: The nervous system rapidly detects and responds to internal changes.
16. Which gland secretes ADH?
Answer: Posterior pituitary
Rationale: ADH is released from the posterior pituitary gland.
17. Hyperventilation leads to:
Answer: Respiratory alkalosis
Rationale: Excessive loss of carbon dioxide raises blood pH.
18. Which hormone increases blood calcium level?
Answer: Parathyroid hormone
Rationale: PTH increases blood calcium by acting on bones and kidneys.
19. Baroreceptors help regulate:
Answer: Blood pressure
Rationale: Baroreceptors detect changes in blood pressure.
20. The main buffer system in blood is:
Answer: Bicarbonate buffer
Rationale: Bicarbonate is the primary extracellular buffer system.
21. Excessive water loss from the body may cause:
Answer: Dehydration
Rationale: Excessive fluid loss leads to dehydration.
22. A receptor in homeostasis functions to:
Answer: Detect changes
Rationale: Receptors monitor changes in the internal environment.
23. Which hormone is involved in sodium retention?
Answer: Aldosterone
Rationale: Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in kidneys.
24. The control center in homeostasis:
Answer: Receives and processes information
Rationale: The control center compares information with normal values.
25. Which organ regulates acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions?
Answer: Kidneys
Rationale: Kidneys regulate acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions.
26. Positive feedback mechanism is seen during:
Answer: Childbirth
Rationale: Oxytocin intensifies uterine contractions during labor.
27. Which condition results from low blood glucose?
Answer: Hypoglycemia
Rationale: Hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar levels.
28. The skin helps in homeostasis mainly by:
Answer: Regulating temperature
Rationale: Skin regulates temperature through sweating and blood vessel changes.
29. Which body response occurs during dehydration?
Answer: Increased thirst
Rationale: Dehydration stimulates thirst to restore fluid balance.
30. Homeostasis is essential because it:
Answer: Maintains optimal conditions for cells
Rationale: Cells function effectively only in a stable internal environment.
Cell,Tissues,Organs and Systems
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